How to screen for breast cancer , Breast Cancer Screening ,Breast Cancer Screening Which checks

    1. Breast cancer screening (breast molybdenum target) achieves early diagnosis of breast cancer, is an important reason for the decline in breast cancer mortality, and the cure rate of in situ cancer in early breast cancer can reach more than 95%. Breast cancer screenings have been included in the medical insurance program in the United States, Europe and Japan.

Recommended crowd

    1).40-49 people aged 1 breast molybdenum target examination and clinical examination every year

    2).50-69 people aged 1 - 2 years 1 breast molybdenum target examination and clinical examination

    3).70 years old or older 1 year breast molybdenum target examination and clinical examination

    2. The breasts are superior to the human body, and the young women can be used in screening.

    The high-risk population of breast cancer is recommended to 20-40 years old.

    3. Breast self-examination does not increase breast cancer early diagnosis and detection rate and reduce mortality, but can improve women's anti-cancer awareness, it is recommended to self-test once a month.

Breast cancer prevention method , breast cancer how to prevent , breast cancer prevention

Breast cancer prevention method , breast cancer how to prevent , breast cancer prevention：

1. Balance the diet, control weight, moderate exercise, and develop good habits to reduce the risk of breast cancer.

2. If women have a family history of breast cancer, appropriate choices for drugs will also reduce the risk of breast cancer during illness.

3. For high-risk populations of breast cancer, drug tamoxifen and leoxifen have been proven to reduce risk, while aromatic inhibitors and dietary supplements can reduce risk of cancer is still further studied.

4. Preventive surgery: If you have a history of breast cancer generatic family, you can do breast cancer gene mutation related genetic testing. If the result shows that the associated gene mutation can be considered to reduce the risk of cancer.

Causes of breast cancer ,breast cancer caused by the cause of breast cancer - (2)

Risk factors that can avoid or change

Drink

    Drinking is clearly related to the risk of breast cancer, compared with people who don't drink, drink 1 cup of wine every day, has a small risk of breast cancer, drink 2-5 cups of wine every day, is not a risk of cancer risk. 1.5 times the drinking, excessive drinking, also added the risk of other cancers.

Obesity

lack of exercise

Birth

    Women who have no children in children or 30 years old have higher risk of breast cancer, more pregnant or pregnant, pregnancy, and pregnancy will reduce risks.

Oral contraceptive

    Female uses oral contraceptives or housing injection of breast cancer is relatively high.

Breastfeeding

    It may be slightly reduced by breast cancer in 1.5-2 years.

Risk factors that are not clearly certified

• Diet and vitamins
• Chemical substance in the environment
• Stay up late
• Antiperspirants
• Bra
• Breast augmentation surgery
• Artificial abortion

Causes of breast cancer , breast cancer caused by the cause of breast cancer - (1)

    Most women have one or more risk factors that have breast cancer, but will not have breast cancer, and some women do not have so-called risk factors but in the end. Even for patients with breast cancer, it is difficult to know which risk factors are the main cause of breast cancer.

    Some risk factors are inevitable, such as age, gender, etc., some risk factors are related to the environment or individual habits, such as smoking, drinking diet.

Hazardous factors inevitable or changed

Gender

    Women are the most important risk factors for breast cancer, and men can also have male breast cancer, but the incidence is 1/100 in women. The reason may be that there is only very little estrogen and progesterone in the male body, while estrogen and progesterone are the main cause of breast cancer.

Age

    As the age is increased, the risk of cancer has increased the risk of breast cancer, and most invasive breast cancer occurred in women over 55 years.

Gene

    About 5% -10% of breast cancer is genetically caused, which means that these patients have generated defective genes from their parents (gene mutation):

    1. BRCA1 and BRCA2, the most common cause of hereditary breast cancer is BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations. These two genes participate in repairing damaged DNAs, resulting in abnormal cancer after mutation. The mutation of BRCA1 has led to a risk of 55% -65% in a lifetime, and for some people's risk as high as 80%. The mutation of BRCA2 results in a risk of breasts of 45%. These two gene mutations are also related to ovarian cancer.

    

    2. ATM, ATM participates in damaged DNA, human chromosome DNA is 2-fold, that is, 2 copies, when the 2 copies have an ATM mutation, it will cause the discharging capillary dilatation, when 1 copy ATM mutations occurred, the risk of breast cancer was increased.

    3. TP53, TP53 is the most important tumor suppressor gene, and P53 mutations can cause Li Fraumeni syndrome. This syndrome is a breast cancer and other cancers such as leukemia, brain tumors, and sarcoma.

    4. CHEK2, CHEK2 gene mutations can also lead to Li Fraumeni syndrome, even if non-Fraumeni syndrome, the risk of breast cancer will increase by 2 times.

    5. PTEN, PTEN gene mutation causes Cowden syndrome, and the risk of breast cancer or benign breast disease is increased by human benger, and there is also a risk of tumors in the body, thyroid, uterus and ovary. high.

    6. CDH1, CDH1 gene mutation results in hereditary diffuse gastric cancer, women with this genetic mutation, increasing risk of invasive breast cancer.

    7. STK11, STK11 gene can result in PEUTZ-JEGHERS SYNDROME, and the symptoms are manifested in lips and long pigments in the mouth, the germacters and urinary organs, this gene mutation with various cancers. Includes breast cancer closely related.

    8. Palb2, PALB2 gene encoding protein combined with BRCA2, the mutation of the gene will increase the risk of breast cancer, whether or not to increase ovarian cancer and male breast cancer is still unclear.

Family history

    In fact, 4/5 of female breast cancer patients have no family history, but the risk of breast cancer will increase by family history. If there is a family of relatives (mother, sister, or daughter) suffering from breast cancer, the risk of breast cancer is doubled, and if there are two level relatives, the risk can reach 3 times. Such as a relative relative (father, brother) breast cancer, the risk of breast cancer is also increased.

Breast cancer personal history

    Patients who have suffered from breast cancer are more likely to cancer (non-recurrence) in other parts of the same breast or the same breast, especially patients with age.

High density breast tissue

    Compared with women with ordinary breast tissue density, high-density breast-tissue has a risk of 1.2 to 2 times higher than that of the breast cancer, and the Breast X-ray examination results will be inaccurate. Many factors will affect breast tissue density, such as age, meniscus, certain drugs (including menopause hormone therapy), pregnancy and genetic factors.

Some benign breast diseases

    Certain benign (non-cancerous) breast diseases are more dangerous. Can be divided into three classes according to risk:

    1. Non-proliferative lesions, almost no increase in the risk of breast cancer, including:

    (1) Fibrosis and / or simple cyst (sometimes referred to as fiber cystic or disease)

    (2) Mild hyperplasia

    (3) Breast gland disease (non-hardening)

    (4) Leaf tumor (benign)

    (5) a single papilloma

    (6) Fat necrosis

    (7) Milky dilatation

    (8) Tube surrounding fibrosis

    (9) Deformation of squamous and sweat gland

    (10) Film calcification

    (11) Other benign tumors (fat tunoma, misaligna, hemangioma, nerve fibroma, adenoma)

    

    2. Non-visstability hyperplasia (cell abnormal) will increase the risk of breast cancer, including:

    (1) Ordinary catheter hyperplasia (exoperant)

    (2) fibroblast

    (3) hardened gland disease

    (4) Paste tumor (papillary tumor proliferation)

    (5) radial scar

    3. Typical proliferative lesions will increase the risk of breast cancer, including:

    (1) Non-typical catheter hyperplasia (ADH)

    (2) Non-typical leaflet hyperplasia (ALH)

12 years ago

    Women who start menstrual cycle before the age of 12 will have more menstrual cycles than ordinary women, which will lead to slightly higher risks of breast cancer. Risk increases may be longer because of the effects of estrogen and progesterone in their life.

After 55, you will experience the menopause

    Female menopause after 55 years old has more menstrual cycles, which will lead to slightly high breast cancer. The reason may be longer than the hormone of estrogen and progesterone in his life.

Chest radiation

    Young women will significantly improve the risk of breast cancer due to the risk of receiving chest radioactive treatment because of cancer (Hodgkin or non-Hodgkin's lymvioma), and the risk of risk varies by age. If you accept chest radiation in adolescence, the chance of breast cancer is also the highest, and radiotherapy after 40 years old does not seem to increase breast cancer.

Contact with hexhene female phenol (DES)

    Women who have exposed these drugs are slightly high. Mother pregnancy, DES can also lead to the risk of children from breast cancer after adulthood.

Japanese cancer experts suggest four inspections that have been accepted by people over 40 years old

     Japan-related research data said that there is a relationship between life and cancer morbidity, once people reach more than 40 years old, it has reached the high hair period of cancer, the longer the life, the higher the incidence of cancer.

    Therefore, Japanese cancer experts suggest that more than 40-year-old population should put the following four checks:

Lung cancer examination: chest X-ray, chest CT, home detection

    According to the latest data, there are 1 person died in lung cancer every 17 men, so the cancer mortality rate of men is the highest in lung cancer.

    Among the projects of Japanese lung cancer examinations, the most common chest X-ray examination and CT examination are relatively inexpensive, but there are also certain radiation, so Japanese doctors do not recommend that CT examination is accepted each year.

    In addition, Japan also has related home lung cancer tests. Every year's chest X-rays cannot meet the frequent examination of health, the residents will choose to buy home test kits.

Diagnosis of colorectal cancer: tuberculosis

    In Japanese cancer mortality, colorectal cancer is second, and the mortality of colorectal cancer accounts for the third and men of female diseases, so Japan's colorectal cancer census is also very necessary.

    In the inspection of colorectal cancer, the doctor first considers "tuberculous blood test", that is, extracts a portion of the feces, check whether there is a blood in the blood, and check if there is a possible colorectal cancer.

    If the rectum, the large intestine feels obvious and discomfort, and the people over the age of 40 also suggested colonoscopy.

Pancreatic cancer: abdominal echo check

    In male disease, pancreatic cancer is followed by lung cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, the 4th 4th cancer. Everyone knows that the progress of cancer is very fast until today, some people think that cancer is "terminal illness".

    The screening of pancreatic cancer is more complicated. At present, we will first consider "the abdominal echo check, not only to observe the pancreas, but also observe other organs such as liver, gallbladder, kidney, spleen, etc., generally packaged with the hospital medical examination project package.

Gastric cancer screening: gastroscope

    In recent years, whether Japanese or international situation, the mortality rate of gastric cancer has declined, but it is still one of the cancers with high diagnosis rate.

    The most effective way to inspect gastric cancer is the X-ray examination of gastroscopy and barium. The gastroscopy is more intuitive. It can clearly observe the change of gastric mucosa change and the size, morphology, etc. of the lesions, and in particular to the lesion site for biopsy. Therefore, Japanese doctors suggest that people over 40 years old can best accept 1 gastroscopy. However, people who have received gastroscopic examination clearly, the gastroscope is inserted from the nose and enters the stomach, so it brings strong discomfort to the human body.

    Compared with gastroscopy, I have an early summary of home detection kits specially developed for early gastric cancer, achieving painlessness, no need to go to hospital reservation, testing at any time, with the Japanese hospital pain detection benchmark, only need to take a few drops at home, sent to blood Detecting agencies, you can achieve early screening of gastric cancer without pain.

    Japanese medical care is also benefited from the method and treatment of early screening in the disease, the above article introduces the current common traditional early discovery, but Japan is constantly innovating in medical treatment, such as early disease. Screening, the convenience of home testing is achieved.

Why is Cancer, Cancer, Cancer?

    Cancer's English is Cancer, Cancer English is Cancer, is there any connection behind this?

    400 years ago, "Father of Medicine" Hippoot named Carcinos / Carcinoma in Greek, in Greek, Crab.

The reason behind this is that the projection of cancer's fingers can make people think of crabs, and cancer is like crabs.

    It is also explained that when the malignant tumor is as hard as the crab shell is touched from the outside, or the sensation of cancer cell pain is as painful by the crab.

    About 47 years ago, the ancient Roman philosopher Serus was translated by this Greek word as a Latino Cancer when writing an encyclopedia, which was used to name cancer.

    Then, this vocabulary is also widely used in English.

    What is your constellation?

    Recommended today

    CRAB [Kræb] n. Crab

    Tumour [tjuːmə (r)] n. [tumor] tumor; tumor

    Encyclopedia [ɪnˌsaɪkləpiːdiəə] n. Encyclopedia

What are the tests for cancer screening

     If you want to screen for cancer, you should first check for tumor-related markers. 

    Patients can take blood to check for commonly used clinical tumor markers, such as carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 199, carbohydrate antigen 125, carbohydrate antigen 153, and A Fetuin, squamous cell carcinoma antigen, etc., male patients can also check prostate specific antigen. 

    In addition to collecting blood for tumor markers, screening for cancer also requires CT and B-ultrasound examinations of the corresponding parts. For example, patients can have chest CT, head CT, liver CT, or B-ultrasound, neck thyroid B Ultrasound examination, gastroscopy, colonoscopy, female patients can also do breast ultrasound, as well as gynecological B ultrasound examination, etc., men also need to do prostate B ultrasound, CT, MRI.

Can cancer patients get the new crown vaccine?

    cancer patients are not recommended to inject the new crown vaccine. 

    The new crown vaccine is more suitable for healthy people and people between the ages of 18-59. 

    Patients with poor body resistance, malignant tumors, patients with more serious diseases of various systems, patients with acute attacks of chronic diseases, and patients with severe respiratory infections are not recommended to be vaccinated.

    Because everyone is likely to have adverse reactions after being vaccinated. If a patient with cancer is vaccinated, the disease may be aggravated, and adverse reactions may also increase.

Since exercise can produce dopamine, why do so many people dislike exercise?

    For people who exercise for a long time, it is just a habit in life, just like eating and sleeping.

    However, for people who have not yet formed a habit, how to start exercising and stick to it is a difficult problem.

How to get everyone to start exercising, like exercising and stick to it, is also a question that fitness coaches often think about.

    I usually get off work part-time as a personal trainer after work. On weekends, I also write assessments of popular follow-up videos (such as Pamela, Saturday Wild, Madfit, Chloe Ting, etc.). Whether white-collar workers or students, I find that I just started exercising.

    Of people have these problems:

    1. Sports are restricted by space and time;

    2. I don't know how to start exercising, how to get started;

    3. Exercise is unscientific, easy to be injured, and low weight loss efficiency;

    4. The exercise effect cannot be quantified;

    5. Repetitive exercises are of low interest, such as treadmills and elliptical machines.

    Through chatting with customers and various netizens, I found that if you want people to like exercise and stick to exercise, one is to improve the effect of exercise, and the other is to make exercise more fun.

    1. Improve exercise effect

    I take fat loss as an example. Many people know that more aerobic exercise is good for weight loss, but why do you feel that you are running/skipping rope/stepping on an elliptical machine every day, but the rate of weight and fat loss is still so slow?

    In fact, there are certain methods for aerobic exercise.

(1) One of the keys to aerobic exercise is the monitoring of heart rate during exercise.

Simply put, the reason why aerobic exercise is called aerobic exercise is because the energy supply method during exercise is carried out in the way of "aerobic metabolism".

    The process of aerobic metabolism is the process of a series of chemical reactions between fat and oxygen.

    Therefore, the intensity cannot be too high during exercise, resulting in the inability of oxygen to participate in aerobic energy supply, thereby reducing fat consumption.

    If the exercise intensity is too low, the effect will be too small, and the efficiency of fat loss will also decrease.

    Because it is very abstract.

    Therefore, people use their heart rate during exercise to quantify this process.

    The principle of aerobic exercise is that you must allow enough oxygen to participate in your body's metabolism while exercising, while at the same time ensuring the intensity of the exercise.

    To do this, you need to control your heart rate (HR). You need to control your target heart rate (Target Heart Rate) during exercise at 75%-85% MHR.

    Formula: 208-(0.7 x age) = MHR

    Assume that Wang Goudan is 25 years old and his target heart rate during aerobic conditions is between 144-161.9 bpm.

    When you exceed 85%, anaerobic metabolism is involved at this time, and the fat burning rate will decrease instead, so it is not that the harder you exercise (the higher the heart rate), the higher the fat burning rate.

    Experienced people can judge the fat loss zone by feeling, while most people can use a sports bracelet to detect the heart rate and observe the value displayed on the bracelet during exercise to adjust the intensity of the exercise.