How to screen for breast cancer , Breast Cancer Screening ,Breast Cancer Screening Which checks

    1. Breast cancer screening (breast molybdenum target) achieves early diagnosis of breast cancer, is an important reason for the decline in breast cancer mortality, and the cure rate of in situ cancer in early breast cancer can reach more than 95%. Breast cancer screenings have been included in the medical insurance program in the United States, Europe and Japan.

Recommended crowd

    1).40-49 people aged 1 breast molybdenum target examination and clinical examination every year

    2).50-69 people aged 1 - 2 years 1 breast molybdenum target examination and clinical examination

    3).70 years old or older 1 year breast molybdenum target examination and clinical examination

    2. The breasts are superior to the human body, and the young women can be used in screening.

    The high-risk population of breast cancer is recommended to 20-40 years old.

    3. Breast self-examination does not increase breast cancer early diagnosis and detection rate and reduce mortality, but can improve women's anti-cancer awareness, it is recommended to self-test once a month.

Breast cancer prevention method , breast cancer how to prevent , breast cancer prevention

Breast cancer prevention method , breast cancer how to prevent , breast cancer prevention：

1. Balance the diet, control weight, moderate exercise, and develop good habits to reduce the risk of breast cancer.

2. If women have a family history of breast cancer, appropriate choices for drugs will also reduce the risk of breast cancer during illness.

3. For high-risk populations of breast cancer, drug tamoxifen and leoxifen have been proven to reduce risk, while aromatic inhibitors and dietary supplements can reduce risk of cancer is still further studied.

4. Preventive surgery: If you have a history of breast cancer generatic family, you can do breast cancer gene mutation related genetic testing. If the result shows that the associated gene mutation can be considered to reduce the risk of cancer.

Causes of breast cancer ,breast cancer caused by the cause of breast cancer - (2)

Risk factors that can avoid or change

Drink

    Drinking is clearly related to the risk of breast cancer, compared with people who don't drink, drink 1 cup of wine every day, has a small risk of breast cancer, drink 2-5 cups of wine every day, is not a risk of cancer risk. 1.5 times the drinking, excessive drinking, also added the risk of other cancers.

Obesity

lack of exercise

Birth

    Women who have no children in children or 30 years old have higher risk of breast cancer, more pregnant or pregnant, pregnancy, and pregnancy will reduce risks.

Oral contraceptive

    Female uses oral contraceptives or housing injection of breast cancer is relatively high.

Breastfeeding

    It may be slightly reduced by breast cancer in 1.5-2 years.

Risk factors that are not clearly certified

• Diet and vitamins
• Chemical substance in the environment
• Stay up late
• Antiperspirants
• Bra
• Breast augmentation surgery
• Artificial abortion

Causes of breast cancer , breast cancer caused by the cause of breast cancer - (1)

    Most women have one or more risk factors that have breast cancer, but will not have breast cancer, and some women do not have so-called risk factors but in the end. Even for patients with breast cancer, it is difficult to know which risk factors are the main cause of breast cancer.

    Some risk factors are inevitable, such as age, gender, etc., some risk factors are related to the environment or individual habits, such as smoking, drinking diet.

Hazardous factors inevitable or changed

Gender

    Women are the most important risk factors for breast cancer, and men can also have male breast cancer, but the incidence is 1/100 in women. The reason may be that there is only very little estrogen and progesterone in the male body, while estrogen and progesterone are the main cause of breast cancer.

Age

    As the age is increased, the risk of cancer has increased the risk of breast cancer, and most invasive breast cancer occurred in women over 55 years.

Gene

    About 5% -10% of breast cancer is genetically caused, which means that these patients have generated defective genes from their parents (gene mutation):

    1. BRCA1 and BRCA2, the most common cause of hereditary breast cancer is BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations. These two genes participate in repairing damaged DNAs, resulting in abnormal cancer after mutation. The mutation of BRCA1 has led to a risk of 55% -65% in a lifetime, and for some people's risk as high as 80%. The mutation of BRCA2 results in a risk of breasts of 45%. These two gene mutations are also related to ovarian cancer.

    

    2. ATM, ATM participates in damaged DNA, human chromosome DNA is 2-fold, that is, 2 copies, when the 2 copies have an ATM mutation, it will cause the discharging capillary dilatation, when 1 copy ATM mutations occurred, the risk of breast cancer was increased.

    3. TP53, TP53 is the most important tumor suppressor gene, and P53 mutations can cause Li Fraumeni syndrome. This syndrome is a breast cancer and other cancers such as leukemia, brain tumors, and sarcoma.

    4. CHEK2, CHEK2 gene mutations can also lead to Li Fraumeni syndrome, even if non-Fraumeni syndrome, the risk of breast cancer will increase by 2 times.

    5. PTEN, PTEN gene mutation causes Cowden syndrome, and the risk of breast cancer or benign breast disease is increased by human benger, and there is also a risk of tumors in the body, thyroid, uterus and ovary. high.

    6. CDH1, CDH1 gene mutation results in hereditary diffuse gastric cancer, women with this genetic mutation, increasing risk of invasive breast cancer.

    7. STK11, STK11 gene can result in PEUTZ-JEGHERS SYNDROME, and the symptoms are manifested in lips and long pigments in the mouth, the germacters and urinary organs, this gene mutation with various cancers. Includes breast cancer closely related.

    8. Palb2, PALB2 gene encoding protein combined with BRCA2, the mutation of the gene will increase the risk of breast cancer, whether or not to increase ovarian cancer and male breast cancer is still unclear.

Family history

    In fact, 4/5 of female breast cancer patients have no family history, but the risk of breast cancer will increase by family history. If there is a family of relatives (mother, sister, or daughter) suffering from breast cancer, the risk of breast cancer is doubled, and if there are two level relatives, the risk can reach 3 times. Such as a relative relative (father, brother) breast cancer, the risk of breast cancer is also increased.

Breast cancer personal history

    Patients who have suffered from breast cancer are more likely to cancer (non-recurrence) in other parts of the same breast or the same breast, especially patients with age.

High density breast tissue

    Compared with women with ordinary breast tissue density, high-density breast-tissue has a risk of 1.2 to 2 times higher than that of the breast cancer, and the Breast X-ray examination results will be inaccurate. Many factors will affect breast tissue density, such as age, meniscus, certain drugs (including menopause hormone therapy), pregnancy and genetic factors.

Some benign breast diseases

    Certain benign (non-cancerous) breast diseases are more dangerous. Can be divided into three classes according to risk:

    1. Non-proliferative lesions, almost no increase in the risk of breast cancer, including:

    (1) Fibrosis and / or simple cyst (sometimes referred to as fiber cystic or disease)

    (2) Mild hyperplasia

    (3) Breast gland disease (non-hardening)

    (4) Leaf tumor (benign)

    (5) a single papilloma

    (6) Fat necrosis

    (7) Milky dilatation

    (8) Tube surrounding fibrosis

    (9) Deformation of squamous and sweat gland

    (10) Film calcification

    (11) Other benign tumors (fat tunoma, misaligna, hemangioma, nerve fibroma, adenoma)

    

    2. Non-visstability hyperplasia (cell abnormal) will increase the risk of breast cancer, including:

    (1) Ordinary catheter hyperplasia (exoperant)

    (2) fibroblast

    (3) hardened gland disease

    (4) Paste tumor (papillary tumor proliferation)

    (5) radial scar

    3. Typical proliferative lesions will increase the risk of breast cancer, including:

    (1) Non-typical catheter hyperplasia (ADH)

    (2) Non-typical leaflet hyperplasia (ALH)

12 years ago

    Women who start menstrual cycle before the age of 12 will have more menstrual cycles than ordinary women, which will lead to slightly higher risks of breast cancer. Risk increases may be longer because of the effects of estrogen and progesterone in their life.

After 55, you will experience the menopause

    Female menopause after 55 years old has more menstrual cycles, which will lead to slightly high breast cancer. The reason may be longer than the hormone of estrogen and progesterone in his life.

Chest radiation

    Young women will significantly improve the risk of breast cancer due to the risk of receiving chest radioactive treatment because of cancer (Hodgkin or non-Hodgkin's lymvioma), and the risk of risk varies by age. If you accept chest radiation in adolescence, the chance of breast cancer is also the highest, and radiotherapy after 40 years old does not seem to increase breast cancer.

Contact with hexhene female phenol (DES)

    Women who have exposed these drugs are slightly high. Mother pregnancy, DES can also lead to the risk of children from breast cancer after adulthood.

Introduction to Breast cancer, what is the breast cancer

 Introduction to Breast cancer, what is the breast cancer

    Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of women. According to statistics, the incidence is 7-10% of the whole body of various malignant tumors. It is only related to genetics, and 40-60. 

    The incidence of women before and after menopausal is high, and only about 1-2% of the breast patient is male. The malignant tumor typically occurring in a breast epithelial tissue. It is one of the most common malignant tumors that seriously affect women's physical and mental health and even life, and breast cancer is rare. 

    The cause of breast cancer has not been fully understood. The study found that there is a certain regularity of breast cancer, and women with high risk factors with breast cancer are prone to breast cancer.

Common Types: Luminal Type, Luminal B (HER-2 negative), Luminal B (HER2 positive), HER2 positive, three negative

Targeting treatment: First consider surgical treatment and endocrine therapy, the whole body treatment recommendation scheme is as follows:

Luminal A	Most patients only need endocrine treatment
Luminal B（HER-2 Negative）	All patients need endocrine treatment, most patients need to chemotherapy
Luminal B（HER-2 Positive）	HER2 targeted drug + chemotherapy + endocrine treatment
HER-2 Positive（non-Luminal）	HER2 targeting drug + chemotherapy
Three negative	Chemotherapy, PARP1 inhibitors are in clinical experiments

Pathogenic factors: hormone level, benign breast disease, BRCA1 / BRCA2 gene mutation, etc.

High-risk population: BRCA1 / BrCA2 gene mutant carrier, family genetic history.

Early screening: Early multidamine molybdenum target examination and combined B-ultrasound and clinical medical examination are not recommended for non-high-risk populations under 40 years old.

Early symptoms: breast mass, skin depression, nipple overflow and endochard.

What are the symptoms of early breast cancer?

     Early symptoms of breast cancer often have lumps. 

    The broad bean-sized lumps can be palpable in the breast, which is hard and movable. 

    The morphology of the lumps is quite different. 

    Generally, it is considered that the morphology is irregular, the edges are not clear, and the texture is hard. Cancerous masses are confined to the breast parenchyma in the early stage and can still be pushed, but they are not as active as benign tumors. 

    Once they invade the fascia or skin, the masses cannot be pushed, and the disease stage is also late. Early breast cancer generally has no obvious pain, and most of them are paroxysmal dull pain, dull pain or tingling.